Guides

Plain-English explainers built from the official regulation texts, with article and paragraph references and links to the sources. AI-assisted and labeled; not legal or certification advice. 根据官方法规原文整理的指南,附条款引用与来源链接;AI 辅助,未经专业审核。

EU Battery Passport Data Fields: Checklist by Access Tier

Every EU battery passport field in Annex XIII of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542: public vs restricted access, the 71 guidance data points and key dates.
欧盟电池护照数据字段清单(按访问权限)

Last updated 2026-11-01

UN R155 vs R156: Cyber Security vs Software Update Compared

UN R155 (CSMS) and R156 (SUMS) side by side: scope, certificates of compliance, vehicle type requirements, dates and steps, with paragraph references.
UN R155 与 R156 对比:网络安全与软件升级

Last updated 2026-11-01